NECO 2023 FOOD/NUT-Obj Answers
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NECO 2023 FOOD AND NUTRITION ESSAY ANSWERS
NUMBER 1
(1ai)
Food additives are substances that are added to food during processing or preparation to enhance its taste appearance texture or preservation.
(1aii)
(PICK TWO ONLY)
(i) Preservatives
(ii) Sweeteners
(iii) Flavor enhancers
(iv) Colorings
(v) Emulsifiers
(vi) Antioxidants
(1b)
(PICK TWO ONLY)
(i) Beef comes from cattle or cows while poultry are meats from domesticated birds.
(ii) Beef has a rich savory flavor whereas poultry has a lighter and milder taste.
(iii) Beef is generally more firm and chewy while poultry is more tender and can easily be shredded or broken apart.
(iv) Beef is higher in fat content while poultry is generally leaner and lower in fat.
(v) Beef is commonly grilled roasted or braised to enhance its flavor and tenderness while poultry is frequently baked roasted sautéed or fried.
(1c)
(PICK TWO ONLY)
(i) Wash your hands thoroughly before handling food or any kitchen utensils.
(ii) Clean and sanitize all kitchen surfaces including countertops cutting boards and utensils after each use.
(iii) Ensure that raw meats and other perishable food items are stored properly in the refrigerator or freezer.
(iv) Always cook food thoroughly to kill any harmful bacteria.
(v) Avoid touching your face hair or any other part of your body while preparing food.
(vi) Use separate cutting boards knives and other utensils for raw meats and other types of food to prevent cross-contamination.
(2ai)
Bile – Bile plays a crucial role in digestion by emulsifying fats and breaking them down into smaller particles that can be easily absorbed by the body. It is produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder before being released into the small intestine.
(2aii)
Insulin – Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas that regulates glucose metabolism in the body by helping cells absorb sugar from the blood. It plays an important role in digestion by controlling the uptake and utilization of glucose by the body’s cells, which is essential for providing energy to the body.
(2b)
(i)Both steaming and boiling use water as a cooking medium. In steaming, food is cooked by the hot steam generated from boiling water, while in boiling, food is cooked in hot water.
(ii)Both cooking methods are relatively quick and simple, and they are ideal for cooking vegetables, grains, and seafood. They are also healthy cooking methods that help preserve the nutritional value of the food being prepared.
(2c)
A hostess is a woman who is responsible for receiving and entertaining guests in her home or at a social event. She is responsible for ensuring that her guests are comfortable, have access to refreshments, and are enjoying themselves. A hostess may plan and organize parties or events, manage the guest list, and take care of the decor and other details.
(4)
(I)Entertainment refers to activities or events which are designed to amuse, entertain, or engage an audience. It can take various forms such as movies, television shows, music, theater, sports, video games, books, and art.
(Ii) Food budgeting is the process of planning and managing expenses related to food purchases. It involves setting a specific budget for food and then allocating funds accordingly to ensure that one’s nutritional needs are met within the designated budget.
(III) Pasteurization is a process that involves heating a liquid, usually milk, to a specific temperature for a specific period of time in order to kill harmful bacteria and prolong its shelf life.
(4b)
(I) Undernutrition: Undernutrition occurs when there is a deficiency of essential nutrients or energy intake.///Overnutrition, on the other hand, occurs when there is excessive intake of nutrients, particularly calories.
(II) Under nutrition It results in malnutrition and can lead to stunted growth, weakened immune system, cognitive impairment, and even death./// Over nutrition leads to an excess of body fat, obesity, and associated health problems such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and certain types of cancers.
(5ai)
Consumer education is the process of teaching people how to buy goods and services wisely and safely. It is the process by which consumers become better informed and knowledgeable about the products and services they purchase.
(5aii)
(i)Empowerment of consumers: Consumer education empowers consumers by providing them with the knowledge and skills to make informed purchase decisions. Through consumer education, consumers learn about their rights and responsibilities as buyers and sellers, ensuring they are confident when making purchases.
(ii)Protection of consumers: Education on consumer safety and governance is very important, it helps to protect consumers from fraud, scams, and unfair business practices. Consumer education helps consumers identify scams and frauds, prevents them from being victims of unfair business practices, and alerting them to the need to take action when necessary.
(iii)Development of a fair marketplace: Consumer education also helps to promote competition among businesses, encouraging them to improve the quality of their products and services and to be more responsive and communicative with their consumers. It creates a level playing field for businesses and consumers, reducing the cases of market abuse and unfair business practices.
(iv)Promotion of consumer responsibility: Consumer education does not only protect consumer rights, but also promotes consumer responsibility. It encourages consumers to take responsibility for their actions and to make responsible purchasing decisions. It educates consumers on the importance of using products and services in a responsible way, promoting a sustainable and environmentally friendly lifestyle.
(5bi)
(i)Flour
(ii)Sugar
(iii)Baking powder
(iv)Salt
(v)Milk (or water)
(vi)Eggs
(vii)Butter (or oil)
(Viii)Vanilla extract (for flavoring)
(5bii)
(i)Sprinkles
(ii)Nuts
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